Exploration of the trait analysis for trait synchrony.

Parameters: environmental correction is TRUE, correction for the region is FALSE.

Hypotheses

Check all hypotheses between traits and environmental drivers, and among traits

Trait_short Driver_short Expected Direct/indirect Justification Ref observed_corr Fit_to_expectations
Plants
SLA LUI ++ D More nutrients = fast 0.37 ✅
LeafN LUI ++ D More nutrients = fast 0.47 ✅
LDMC LUI – D More nutrients = fast -0.37 ✅
Height LUI – D Grazing selects for short 0.03 Inconclusive
Seed_mass LUI – D Disturbance promotes dispersal with few resources -0.35 ✅
Specific_root_length LUI ++ D More nutrients = fast 0.14 Inconclusive
Fine_roots_diameter LUI – D Few nutrients = collaboration -0.23 ✅
Mycorrhizal_inf_int LUI – D Few nutrients = collaboration -0.33 ✅
Root_tissue_density LUI – D More nutrients = fast -0.22 ✅
Root_weight_ratio LUI – D Slow: root storage -0.48 ✅
Rooting_depth LUI
D Disturbance = smaller (//height?) 0.35 ❌
Fine_roots_diameter TWI – D Dry = collaboration 0.00 Inconclusive
Mycorrhizal_inf_int TWI – D Dry = collaboration 0.00 Inconclusive
Bacteria & fungi
bact_motil LUI +/- D a/ disturbance promotes dispersal or b/ low nutrients mean more mouvement is needed -0.45 B
bact_Size Fertil. +/- D a/ more nutrients makes it easier to grow or b/ slow strategy = big (copiotrophic) -0.38 B
bact_Time LUI ++ D LUI promotes fast bacteria (but in this case overide/TWI) 0.07 Inconclusive
bact_long LUI ++ I oligo=fast are longer (Fierer 2007) 0.33 ✅
bact_gensize LUI – D Slow/stress resistance = more genes -0.25 ✅
FB LUI – D and I Fungi slower than bacteria, linked to slow plant traits -0.33 ✅
CN LUI – D Less N when less nutrients available (copio have lower CN) Fierer 2007 -0.19 ✅
fun_spore_size LUI – D Small spores = better dispersers; Large spores have more nutrients to survive in nutrient-depleted conditions Crandal el al. 2020, Dawson 2020; Deveautour 2020 0.27 ❌
AMF LUI ++ D AMF when few nutrients -0.05 Inconclusive
AMF TWI – D AMF prefer dry 0.00 Inconclusive
bact_anaer TWI ++ D Humidity selects anaerobic 0.00 Inconclusive
bact_nitr TWI ++ D More nitrification in wet soils? 0.00 Inconclusive
bact_motil TWI ++ D Easier to move if water 0.00 Inconclusive
bact_Time TWI ++ I Anaerobics are slower 0.00 Inconclusive
bact_spor TWI – D More reproduction through sporulation if dry 0.00 Inconclusive
fun_spore_size TWI ++ D Thick spore walls prevent dessication Crandal el al. 2020, Dawson 2020; Deveautour 2020 0.00 Inconclusive
Protists (bact. + primary)
p1_Testate LUI ++ D Teste protects from disturbance -0.25 ❌
p1_Parasite LUI ++ I LUI increases plant N… 0.47 ✅
p1_Size LUI – D Large = slow? -0.50 ✅
p1_Testate TWI ++ D Teste protects from dessication 0.00 Inconclusive
p1_Parasite LeafN ++ D and parasites enjoy 0.48 ✅
Protists (pred.)
p2_Testate Grazing ++ D Teste protects from disturbance 0.01 Inconclusive
p2_Size LUI – D Large = slow? -0.26 ✅
p2_Testate TWI ++ D Teste protects from dessication 0.00 Inconclusive
Arthropods (herbivores)
aH_Size LUI +/- D a/ big are also better dispersers or b/ big = slow -0.23 B
aH_Size Mowing – D Disturbance selects for smaller -0.20 ✅
aH_Dispersal LUI ++ D LUI selects good dispersers 0.25 ✅
aH_Generalism LUI ++ I More nutrients -> generalists 0.31 ✅
aH_Chewers LUI – I Less nutrients = tougher plants -0.01 Inconclusive
Arthropods (predators)
aH_Stratum_herb LUI – D More disturbance = less in herb 0.31 ❌
aC_Dispersal LUI ++ D LUI selects good dispersers 0.37 ✅
aC_Size LUI – D Big = slow -0.17 ✔
aC_Extraint LUI ++ I More resources -> parasite -0.09 Inconclusive
aC_Stratum_herb LUI – D More disturbance = less in herb -0.14 Inconclusive
Arthropods (details)
aAH_Size LUI +/- D a/ big are also better dispersers or b/ big = slow -0.23 B
aAH_Size Mowing – D Disturbance selects for smaller -0.20 ✅
aAH_Dispersal LUI ++ D LUI selects good dispersers 0.25 ✅
aAH_Generalism LUI ++ I More nutrients -> generalists 0.31 ✅
aAH_Chewers LUI – I Less nutrients = tougher plants -0.01 Inconclusive
aAC_Dispersal LUI ++ D LUI selects good dispersers 0.32 ✅
aAC_Size LUI – D Big = slow -0.07 Inconclusive
aAC_Extraint LUI ++ I More resources -> parasite -0.13 Inconclusive
aBH_Size LUI +/- D a/ big are also better dispersers or b/ big = slow -0.33 Inconclusive
aBH_Size Mowing – D Disturbance selects for smaller -0.26 Inconclusive
aBH_Dispersal LUI ++ D LUI selects good dispersers 0.10 Inconclusive
aBH_Generalism LUI ++ I More nutrients -> generalists -0.45 ❌
aBH_Chewers LUI – I Less nutrients = tougher plants 0.37 X
aBC_Dispersal LUI ++ D LUI selects good dispersers 0.13 Inconclusive
aBC_Size LUI – D Big = slow -0.09 Inconclusive
aBC_Extraint LUI ++ I More resources -> parasite -0.03 Inconclusive
Mites (soil)
mitS_Sex LUI ++ I Habitat openness = sexual repro, more LUI = more growth Salmon et al 2014 0.31 ✅
mitS_Mass LUI – Mass = size = slow 0.29 ❌
mitS_DaystoAdult LUI – longer lifespan = slow 0.17 Inconclusive
mitS_Mass Bulk.density – Smaller if pores smaller ?? -0.01 Inconclusive
Mites (litter+surface)
mitL_Sex LUI +/- I Habitat openness = sexual repro (easier to find partners). Link to other variables??? Salmon et al 2014 -0.22 B
mitL_Mass LUI +/- -0.10 Inconclusive
mitL_Cuticule LUI +/- -0.19 b
mitL_DaystoAdult LUI – longer lifespan = slow 0.02 Inconclusive
mitL_Size TWI – D Large = protection against dessication 0.00 Inconclusive
mitL_Size Temperature – D Large = protection against frost 0.00 Inconclusive
mitL_Size Bulk.density – D Smaller if pores smaller ?? -0.17 Inconclusive
Collembola (Litter+surface)
colL_Size LUI +/- -0.06 Inconclusive
colL_Ocelli LUI +/- 0.14 Inconclusive
colL_Pigment LUI +/- -0.02 Inconclusive
colL_PAO LUI +/- 0.01 Inconclusive
colL_Asp LUI +/- 0.06 Inconclusive
colL_Scales LUI +/- 0.03 Inconclusive
Collembola (soil)
colS_Size Bulk.density – D Smaller if pores smaller -0.16 Inconclusive
colS_PAO LUI +/- 0.04 Inconclusive
colS_PSO LUI +/- -0.10 Inconclusive
colS_Scales LUI +/- 0.14 Inconclusive
colS_Furca Grazing ++ Furca = escape disturbance 0.03 Inconclusive

Big PCA

## Registered S3 methods overwritten by 'car':
##   method                          from
##   influence.merMod                lme4
##   cooks.distance.influence.merMod lme4
##   dfbeta.influence.merMod         lme4
##   dfbetas.influence.merMod        lme4

Identification of strategy axes for each group

Environmental PCA

## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.

Plants, above- and below-ground

## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.

## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.

Bacteria & fungi

Protists

## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.

Arthropods, above-ground

Herbivores

## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.

### Predators

## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.

Mites & collembola

## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.
## Coordinate system already present. Adding new coordinate system, which will replace the existing one.

Try to do a SEM

First solution: do it on PCA axes

## lavaan 0.6-7 ended normally after 18 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of free parameters                         27
##                                                       
##   Number of observations                           150
##                                                       
## Model Test User Model:
##                                                       
##   Test statistic                                 6.224
##   Degrees of freedom                                 9
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.717

Second solution: do it on trait averages

## lavaan 0.6-7 ended normally after 29 iterations
## 
##   Estimator                                         ML
##   Optimization method                           NLMINB
##   Number of free parameters                         26
##                                                       
##   Number of observations                           150
##                                                       
## Model Test User Model:
##                                                       
##   Test statistic                                12.304
##   Degrees of freedom                                10
##   P-value (Chi-square)                           0.265